On June 3, 2022, this sterling silver opal pendant hitched a ride on an Earth to Sky Calculus cosmic ray research balloon. 'I LOVE YOU MORE' OPAL: Nothing says 'I love you' like jewelry from space. Two distinct auroras coexist over the poles of Jupiter: Ultraviolet auroras created by atmospheric hydrogen in its molecular form (H2) and infrared auroras created by the hydrogen ion H3+. Polar electric fields grab these ions and slam them into the planet's atmosphere, producing volcano-powered lights. Volcanoes on Io spew ions such as O+ and S+ into Jupiter's magnetosphere. Jupiter's poles are crackling with electricity, and this sets the stage for non-stop auroras. Jupiter's spin produces 10 million volts around its poles. As every freshman physics student knows, spinning a magnet is a great way to generate a few volts. Jupiter turns on it axis once every 10 hours, dragging its planetary magnetic field around with it. The giant planet makes its own Northern and Southern Lights. For one thing, solar activity is not required. Jupiter's auroras are unlike any others in the solar system. The camera's F360M filter picked up the 3.3 - 3.6 micron glow of excited H3+ in Jupiter's auroral zone. Image credit: JWST's Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam). The red rings of light were big enough to swallow Earth: Solar flare alerts: SMS TextĪURORAS ON JUPITER: Yesterday, NASA released the first James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) images of auroras on Jupiter. The active region is directly facing Earth and crackling with C-class solar flares. Since then it has grown more than 10-fold, turning itself into a double sunspot group with cores nearly as wide as Earth. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining-a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.įAST-GROWING SUNSPOT: Two days ago sunspot AR3085 barely existed. Credit: SDO/HMIĬosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Fast-growing sunspot AR3085 is crackling with C-class solar flares.

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